... Peter, as even you conceded:

>> If an actual transaction takes place according to the high bid then we are not talking about a shill. <<

You are right, though, that David didn't specify whether Sam is the only person involved in his so-called "protection bids" and/or whether anyone else who places such bids actually concludes the auctions by purchasing the items when they are the high bidders. Would be interesting to see what David has to say in clarification of this point -- David?

----- jim o\-S