~~~ in Paris, France, which was founded in about 1815, who supplied casinos with equipment and we know Mother of Pearl, for sure, since there are many catalogue pages showing their casino chips and plaques... though, even then... there were MOP engravers in other areas such as Dieppe, which was well known for ivory carvings and engraving Mother of Pearl. There were one or two other manufacturers; such as JOST in Paris.