I got this reply from Joan Schepps, the chief expert on trump indicators:

It was so nice hearing from you. .... .. How are you?

I used to collect table numbers/with or without trump indicators attached to them, and will send an article I wrote about them where you can see some examples.
To answer your question - I can go two ways: They could well be a table number with each having a suit on it. Player goes to table 9 - selects a trump suit, and keeps that chip out as a "trump reminder". However, I don't think that is the case. What table number does the J, Q or K represent?
I think possibly there is another game which has tiles or chips to represent 52 cards...that would make sense to have chips with the JQK's. (also there is no NO TRUMP). I have seen some of these tile sets, though don't recall any sets with round chips. To address value - rarity - it is not a complete set from your description ..... you would know better if you could sell some "as a trump indicator thru #10" OR as a random chip which has appeal to a collector.

By the way, I donated my collection of trump indicators to the American Contract Bridge League and they built the most incredible museum about the history of bridge and to house this collection as well. You might enjoy seeing this. Click on:
http://www.fpabridge.org/trumpind.htm

Robert